Chinese Numbers Explained

Duration

Back: Dates
久
There are two words that can be used to refer to length of time. The formal one, meaning 'length of time', is
久jiǔ
. You will often see the word
长cháng
used when talking about duration, though this word means length more generally, not just about time.

Here is a table with the standard words for durations of time. Notice in the table that some words have the standard classifier
个gè
with them and some don't. The reason they don't is because the word itself is the classifier. So for example for the word for "minute" the
分fēn
in
分钟fēn zhōng
is the classifier. Also notice that when talking about seconds, the 钟 is usually dropped, but with minutes it is not.
Standard Duration Words
second秒(钟)miǎo (zhōng)
minute分钟fēn zhōng
hour(个)小时(gè) xiǎo shí
day天tiān
week(个)星期(gè) xīng qī
week (formal)周zhōu
week (informal)(个)礼拜(gè) lǐ bài
month(个)月(gè) yuè
year年nián
Of the three ways to say week, both 星期 and 礼拜 require classifiers, but 周 does not, because it *is* the classifier.

Here are some examples of expressing durations:
Two Hours
two(unit)hours
两个小时
liǎnggèxiǎo shí
30 Minutes
thirtyminutes
三十分钟
sān shífēn zhōng
60 Seconds
sixtyseconds
六十秒
liù shímiǎo
Days:
28 Days
twenty-eightdays
二十八天
èr shí bātiān
Weeks:
4 Weeks (周)
fourweeks
四周
sìzhōu
8 Weeks (星期)
eight(unit)weeks
八个星期
bāgèxīng qí
9 Weeks (礼拜)
ten(unit)weeks
九个礼拜
jiŭgèlǐ bài
Months and years:
9 months
nine(unit)months
九个月
jiǔgèyuè
10 Years
tenyears
十年
shínián
And a couple alternative ways to talk about lengths of an hour:
Half an Hour
halfhour
半小时
bànxiǎo shí
Quarter of an hour
onequarterhour
一刻钟
yīkèzhōng

Ranges

Another way to express a duration of time is to speak in terms of a range, either an open-ended range, like “I’m busy until 4PM” or “I’m free after 6PM”, or a closed ended range, like “I work from 9 to 5”. Here are examples of how to express these:
Before 3:00PM
afternoonthree o’clockbefore
下午三点以前
xià wǔsān diǎnyǐ qián
Before 4:00PM (alt)
afternoonfour o’clockbefore
下午四点之前
xià wǔsì diǎnzhī qián
Until 4
untilfour (o’clock)
直到四点
zhí dàosì diǎn
After 9AM
morningnine o’clockafter
早上九点以后
zǎo shàngjiǔ diǎnyǐ hòu
From 9 to 5
fromninetofive
从九点到五点
cóngjiǔ diǎndàowǔ diǎn
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